van winkle



2 Sheets Sheet 1.

(Model.)

G. H. VAN WINKLE. COMBINED LATCH AND LOCK.

No. 339,245. Patented Apr. 6, 1886.

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GEORGE Il.. VAN VINKLE, OF HORXELLSTILLE, NEV YORK.

COMBINED LATCH AND LOCK.

SIJECF-.CATION farming part of Letters Patent No. 339,245, dated April 6, 1886.

Application filed April 15, 1885. Serial No. 162,345.

To @ZZ 1071.071?, it may concern:

Be it known that l, GEORG-n HTAN WINKLE, ol" Hornellsville, in the county of Steuben and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Lock and Latch, and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descripA tion ol' the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in combined locks and latches, and more particularly to that class in which the latching mechanism is operated by a longitudinallysliding spindle. Y

Heretofore in all classes of latches, except those employing an objectionable projecting lng from the heel ot' a pivoted latch, the door must be completely closed before the bolt can commence to enter the keeper. These latches have been found to be objectionable in that when a door is not slowly and carefully closed it will recoil from the jamb before the inertia of the latching mechanism has been overcome by the force of the spring, and thus the latch fails to enter the keeper. Again, the knobspindle has been passed through an opening in the latch-casing for the purpose ot' enabling the spindle to operate the latch. This method, besides being expensive, is also objectionable in that the sliding spindle was lizlole to bind therein.

Heretofore in latches operated by a sliding spindle the means employed to retain the latch in a latched position until released by thelonA gitudinal action ot' the spindle has been unsatisfactory in that too much force was required to disengage said latch; and, again,

pinch the iinger of the person operating the latch.

The object of my present invention is to obviate the objections above noted by providing a neat, strong, and durable latch and (Model.)

lock that shall combine simplicity and economy in construction with durability and eiiiciency in use; and with these ends in View my invention consists in the parts and combinations of parts, as will be more fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a View in horizontal section through a door and jainb, showing the spindles, latch-casing, and keeper in section. Fig. 2 is a detached View in perspective of the latch-casing. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the strike-plate. Fig. 4 is a detached view of the inner knob and knob-shank. Fig. 5 is a detached view of the outer knob and its shank. Fig. 6 is a detached View of the tube H. Fig. 7 is a detached view of the shaft M. Fig. 8 is a view in end elevation, showing the cani for operating the bolt H. Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the tumblercarrier. Fig. l0 is a view in perspective of the rose-washer L. Fig. 1l is a view, partly in section, showing the latch-casing and locking mechanism, and Fig. l2 is a view of the key.

A represents a two-part cylindrical shell or casing that can be cast wit-hout the aid of a core, and is provided at its rear end with an elongated slot for the passage of the rear end of the operating-lever a. The two parts of this casing are secured together by the screw b, which latter passes through an opening in one section of the casing and enters a screw-threaded opening in the other section.

The section c of the casing A is provided with the face-plate d, the latter having screwholes for the passage ot' the screws which secure the latchcasing within the mortise formed in the door, and with a recessed portion, cl, in which the pivoted latch A rests when in a closed position. This section also has semi-cylindrical depressions, which form part of the bearings for the trunnions of the bolt or latch A and lever a. These bearings for said trunnions are made complete by similar semi-cylindrical depressions in the other section of the latch casing.

The latch A is shaped substantially as shown in the drawings, and is provided at opposite sides of its inner end with the laterally-projecting trunnions e, which latter rest in corresponding recesses or openings (before referred to) formed in the casing A, and is provided at its extreme inner end with the groove f, in which the outer end of the connectinglever B rests. This connecting-lever B is provided with a longitudinal slot, through which the boltbpasses, and is provided with a rounded outer end for engaging the latch or bolt A', and at its opposite end with a rounded bearing, b', with which the bifurcated or inner end of the lever a engages. This lever is curved slightly, as shown, and is pivotcd atf within the casing A, with its outer or longer end projecting through an elongated slot in the inner end ot' the latch-casing.

D is a spring, of any approved shape and construction, secured to or located within the casing, and exerting its pressure directly against the lever B, and forming a fulcrum for said lever. Thus it will be seen that when the outwardly-projecting end of the lever a is moved the length of its stroke the end of the lever B adjacent to the lever a will be moved a short distance in the opposite direction, and consequently cause the outer-end of said lever B to bear againstthe portion of the latch A' behind the trunnions of the pivotal latch. As soon as the outer end of the lever B passes behind the center of the trunnions ot' the piv otal latch the spring D forces the lever B away from said spring and turns the pivotal latch around to a closed position. When the pivoted latch is in an open or locked position, the lever B, which connects the latch and lever a, rests in such a position as to prevent the possibility of the latch A moving to a closed position Without first moving the lever a, and hence when the latch is automatically opened by coming in contact with the keeper, as will be hereinafter described, it will remain open until the position of lever a is changed so as to admit of the slight backward movementVv of the lever B.

The latch casing is applied to the door, without reference to the thickness or said door, by bringing the outer edge of the recessed portion d' of the face-plate d on a line or flush with the outer face of the door. The strike plate E is secured in a position corresponding to the position of the pivoted latch, and is provided,preferably at or near its longitudinal center, with an outwardlyprojecting lug, g, and an inwardly projecting lug, g', both of which are formed integral with the strikeplate. The lug g projects outwardly su fiiciently far to allow for shrinkage of the door and engage or come in contact with the beveled face of the pivoted latch A', and is provided with a slightly-concaved inner surface, which permits the latch to move freely thereon. By'thus placing the latch-casing in the door, as above described, and providing the strike-plate with lugs g and g' and the latchcasing with recess d', the pivoted latch can be operated from the toe, and no unsightly and otherwise objectionable lug projecting from the heel of the latch is required.

When the door is being closed, the beveled surface a4 on the toe of the latch engages first with lug g, and the latch is forced by this contact and the movement of the door to turn on its trunnions, and thus progressively with the closing action of the door enters the opening in the strike-plate or keeper, and thus being entered and secured by the mechanism inclosed in the latch-casing it is impossible for the react-ion caused by slamming the door to take place soon enough to displace the bolt.

When the pivoted latch is in the above-described open or locked position, the lever B, which connects the latch and lever a, rests in such a position as to prevent the possibility ot the latch A' moving to a closed position until the lever a is first moved by the longitudinal action of the knob shanks.

F represents the outer, and F' the inner, knob, provided, respectively, with hollow cylindrical shan ks G G', which are made integral therewith, within which, when the latter are secured in position on opposite sides of a door, tits the cylindrical tube H, which latter forms a union or connection between the knobs and a case for the tumbler-carrier.

The hollow shank G ot' the knob F is provided with an elongated open slot, h, in which the bolt H of the tube H rests, and with a screw-hole through u hich the screw H2, which rigidly secures the shank G to the tube H, passes. The other shank, G', of the knob F' is provided with an elongated open slot,,in which the cam I, rigidly secured to or made integral with the tube H, rests, and with a transverse closed slot, I', in which the outer end ot' the lever a rests. This shank G', which is attached to theinner knob, is not rigidly secured to the tube -H in such a manner as to prevent it from moving independently of said tube, but is loosely secured thereon, so as to permit it to move longitudinally thereon, the slot t' and cam I preventing said spindle from rotating or turning independently of said tube.

The tube H is open at both ends, and is provided with an opening for the passage of the bolt H', and with an opening or slot, J, corresponding in position to .but` greater in size than the slot l in the shank G', whereby theY Vshank is permitted to move longitudinally, and carry with it the lever a, without interfering with or moving the tube H. The knob F and shank G' are prevented from being wholly withdrawn from the tube H by the lever a, which latter, as before stated, passes through the shank of the knob, and prevents the removal ofthe same until after the latchcasing,with its inclosed parts, have been partly withdrawn or removed.

L is a rose-washer secured to the outer face of the door, and provided with an inwardlyprojecting sleeve, L. This sleeve is provided with an opening, L2, corresponding in shape and size to the rear end of the latch-casing A, and adapted to receive said end and hold it against displaceinenu, and when said latchcasing is thus inserted and secured at the other end by screws passing through the face-plate d the rosette L cannot be removed even if the IOO IIO

IIS

screws in said rosette are drawn. The sleeve L is also provided with the double-inclined plane or il-shaped slot L3, against which the V shaped cani I of thetube H bears. \Vhen the parts are in their normal positions, or at rest, the cam I rests at the hase or juncture ot' the two planes If; and hence it will be seen that by turning either knob to thc right or left the cam I is caused to ride up one of the inclined planes L"i and niove the tube H and both knobs longitudinally. As the rear end of the lever c rests within the slot l of the shank G, it follows that when the knobs are moved inwardly the leverc is moved and unlocks the latch A. plished by pushing directly inward on the outerkuob or pulling on the inner knob. The rose L is also provided with a shoulder, j, against which the bolt H is adapted to abut and prevent the outer knob, F, and the tube H, rigidly secured thereto, from being forced inwardly. This bolt is operated by mechanisin located inside ofthe tube H. to be hereinafter explained, and is adapted to prevent the latch A from being actuated by any person on the outside ofthe door without employing a key especially constructed for the purpose.

As before stated, the knob F and its shank G are free to move longitudinally iiidependently of the tube, and hence when the outer shank, G, and its knob F are locked against movement the inner knob, F', and shank G can be drawn out or away from the door and operate the lever c without disturbing or moving the outer knob. \Vhen the door is closed, the latch is thrown out to its locked position, and cannot be turned bythe outer k noli without the use of a key constructed for the purpose.

M is a shaft constructed to tit snugly within the tube H, and provided with a reduced screw-threaded end, mi, which latter projects from the inner end of the tube H into the knob F, and on which the nut K is secured. This nut tits snugly within a cylindrical rccess formed in the knob, and is screwed home on the screw-threaded end in of the shaft M, so as to enable the shaft M, which operates the bolt H, to be turned from the inside-that is,

to be operated from the inside of the liouse and hold the outer ends of the tumblers in the without the necessity of employing a key. This nut K is provided with a rib or thumbpiece, K, for convenieneein turning` the same. i

being withdrawn without hrst moving the and the knob F is provided with a stop, liz,

This saine result is accomwhich latter limits the rotary movement of,v

This necessitates the employment ot a key, P,

said nut. This shalt is cnt away to form a a bearing for the end ol the lever u.

tion of this shaft between the shoulder in2 and the knob F is cut away for quite a distance,

as shown at in, to permit the shank G to be g u an angnlarsurtace with which a sii'nilar-shaped moved longitudinally and carry with it the lever a when the tube H is locked by the bolt H against longitudinal movement. The bolt H is thrown or moved to an open position by the turning of the shaft M, and this turning` of the sha ft bri ugs the cut-away portion m3 ofsaid shaft directly in front of the end of the lever a.. When the shaft is tuiiied back, so as to withdraw the bolt H, the cut-away portion mi is moved to one side of the lever a, andthe shoulder mZ is brought into position on one side of the lever, and the shoulder m3 on the other side of said lever, and hence it is necessary for the tube H and shaft M, iuclosed within said tube, to move longitudinally before the lever can be moved. This movement of the tube and shaft can be accomplished (when the bolt H is in its unlocked position) by turning either knon.

The shaft- M is provided with an eccentric, mt, on which the bolt H isjonrnaled, and by which said bolt is moved, and is also provided with a reduced end, n, having an angular recess thercin, in which a correspondingly-, shaped projection ou the tumbler-carrier N rests. The shaft M is also provided on the reduced end, near the eccentric in, with au annular groove for the recept ion of the end of the screw H, which holds the shaft M in p0- sitioii. This reduced end of the shaft M passes through the coupling O. which latter is rigidly secured to the tube H by the screw H, before referred to. This coupling is provided with a slot, in which the bolt H is seated and moves, and is provided at its outer end with one or more slots. n, adapted to register with the tunibier or tuinblers secured to the tunibler-carrier.

The tunililer-carrier N consists, essentially, of a cylinder fitting snugly within the outer end ofthe tube H, and secured against displacement by the guard N3 at its outer end, and the shaft M at its inner end. This carrier is provided at its inner end with an angular projection, before referred to, for coup ling it with the sha-ft M, and with one or a sei-ies of spring-actuated tnmhlers, which latter are seated within longitudinal slots formed in the periphery of the cylinder. These tuinblers register with the slots nf of the coupling t). and also willi the slots n4 of the guard N3, which is rigidly secu red to tube H. Thesprings which actuatc the tumblers bear at their inner ends against a resisting washer, which is coiled into the peripheral slot in the tuinblcr-carrier,

slots a* of the guard N3 when the holt H is in a locked position, and prevent said bolt from tumblers out` of the slots it* of the guard N3.

which latter is adapted to enter the outer end of thc guard and move the tuiublers out of the slots n" of guard N and turn the carrier, which, as before stated, turns the shaft M.

The tumblcr-carrier is constructed to receive the key P, and is provided with a posthaving surface within the hollow key engages. The outer end of the key is constructed to engage the tumblers and move them until they are all clear of the slots in the guard N3, while IOO IIO

the angular-shaped surfaces on the key-post and in the key are for the purpose of turning the tumbler-carrier after the tumblers have been withdrawn from the guard. When the tumblers are moved out of the slots n4, they rest between adjacent ends of said guard and the coupling O. The key must necessarily be of a certain size to operate the lock, and hence if a key be employed that was not constructed for the particular lock, or if an attempt be made to pick the lock, the tumblers, if moved a fraction too far, will enter the slots n of the coupling O and prevent the tumbler-carrier from turning, and consequently prevent the shaft from turning.

An annular recess is made in the outer end of the tumbler-carrier, at the base of the keypost, to allow the key to be inserted far enough to engage the shoulderson the ends of the tumblers, thus avoiding the necessity of mak'- ing deep notches in the key. These shoulders on the ends of the tumblers are all of different depth, made so to prevent picking, and the key must be fitted to press against them, and at the same time bring the ends of the several tumblers all even. Then the tumblers are thus pushed in by a properly-fitted key far enough to clear the slots in the guard N3, the key is prevented from pushing them farther in by Contact with the end of the keypost within the key. rlhe key is then turned to unlock the door, 'as above described.

The several tumblers being provided at each end with different-depth shoulders, and being interchangeable in the several longitudinal slots in the tumblercarrier, and also reversible endwise and sidewise, it is evident that a large number of permutations can be made, which allows the same shaped tumblers to be used in a large number of locks, but all requiring differently-fitted keys. The end of the tube H which incloses the tumbler-carrier rests withinthe outer knob, F, with the end of said carrier in close proximity to an opening formed centrally within said knob for the introduction of the key.

From the foregoing it will be seen that when the latch A is in an open position without being locked by the mechanism inclosed within the knob spindles it is securely held against accidental displacement, and 1s capable of withstanding any ordinary pressure. When in this position, it can be withdrawn from the keeper by simply turning either knob, or pushing on one knob or pulling on the other. When, however, the latch A is locked by the bolt H, either by turning the nut K on the inside, or a key, P, from the outside, it is impossible to move it or unlock it from the outside of the door without employing a key especially constructed to tit the tu mbler-carrier and the tumbler or tumblers carried therein. When the door is in this locked position, the cut-away portion m3 of the shaft M is over the outer end of the lever c, and hence the said lever and the latch A can be moved by simply pulling on the knob F', which of course is located inside of the room or house.

The face-plate of the lock-casing and the strike-plate are each provided with a series of 7o wish to limit myself strictly to the construc tion herein set forth; but,

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination, with a strike-plate hav-V ing inwardly and outwardly projecting lugs, of a pivoted latch, and devices for operating the latch.

2. The combination, wit-h a strike plate having a lug projecting outwardly from the face of the plate at right angles thereto, of a latch-casing, and a latch, substantially as decribed, pivoted within said casing and adapted to be turned outward by Contact with said lug.

3, The combinatiomwith a strike-plate havinginwardly and outwardly projecting lugs, of a pivotal latch havinga beveled face, and devices for operating the latch.

4. The combination,with a strike-plate having a lug projecting outwardly from the face ol' the plate at rightangles thereto, of a latchcasing having a recess at its outer end, and a latch adapted when closed to rest within said recess iiush with the outer surface of the latch-casing.

5. The combination, with a strike plate provided with a lug having a rounded bearing-face, the said lug projecting outwardly from said plate at right angles thereto, of a latch-casing, a latch, substantially as described, pivoted tosaid casing and adapted to be moved outwardly by contact with said lug.

6. The combination, with a strike-plate having outwardly and inwardly projecting lugs, of a pivoted latch having an inclined face, and a latch-casing having a recess for the reception of the pivoted latch.

7. The combinatiomwith alatch-casing and a pivoted latch having a groove formed therein near its pivotal point, of an operating-lever pivoted within the case, a lever connecting the operating-lever and pivoted latch, and a single spring bearing against the connectinglever for holding the latch in open and closed adjustment.

8. The combinatiomwith a latch-casing and a pivoted latch having agroove formed therein, ofa lever pivoted within the latch-casing and projecting through one end thereof, a leverconnecting the lever and latch, a spring bearing against and forming a fulcrum for said connecting-lever, and a longitudinally-sliding spindle for operating the lever.

9. The combination, with a two-part casing ICC IIO

and a latch pivoted therein, of an operatinglever partly located within said casing and projecting through one end thereof, a lever connecting the latch and lever, a screw connecting the two parts of the casing and passing through a slot in the connecting-lever, and a spring forming a fulcrum for said connect ing-lever, Substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with a latch and a longitudinally-slidiug spindle for operating the latch, of a bolt located within the spindle and adapted to lock the same against movement.

11. rIlhe combination, with a latch and a longitudinally-sliding spindle for operating` the same, of a bolt for locking the spindle against longitudinal movement, and devices located within the spindle for operating said bolt.

12. In a latch operated by a longitudinallymovable spindle, the combination, with a latch, two knobs having independent Shanks, and devices connecting the said Shanks and forming a spindle, of a lock located within said hollow Shanks for locking the outer knob against movement, and devices for operating said lock either on theinside oroutside ofthe door, substantially as set forth.

13. A rose-washer provided with an inwardly-linojecting sleeve, the latter having an opening for the reception of the inner end of a latchcasing- 14. The combination, with a latch and a latch-casing, of a rose-washer having an inwardly-projecting sleeve, the latter provided with an opening for the reception of the inner end of the latch-easing, and a longitudinallysliding spindle t'or operating the latch.

15. The combination, with a latch and latchcasing, a rose-washer, and a sleeve secured to said rose-washer and provided with an opening for the reception ot' one end ofthe latchcasing, and with a V-shaped slot, of a sliding spindle carrying a cam adapted to move against the surfaces ofthe V-shaped slot.

16. The combination,with alatch andarosewasher having a shoulder thereon, ofa longitudinally-sliding spindle, and a bolt located within said spindle and adapted to engage the shoulder on the washer and lock the spindle against longitudinal movement.

17. The combination, with a latch and a lever for operating the latch, of knobs, each having a shank, and devices, substantially as described, connecting the knobs, whereby they are permitted to move simultaneously for operating the latch, or the inner knob is permitted to move independently of the outer knob for operating said latch.

18. The combination, with a latch,alever for operating the latch, and the knobs and knobshanks, of a tube rigidly secured to one shank and passing through the other shank, and provided with a slot for the end ofthe latch-operating lever, a cam secured to said tube, and a rigid device having a cam-slot with which the cam on the tube engages, whereby the tube is moved longitudinally, substantially as set l'orth.

19. The combination, with a latch having an operating-lever, knobs, and knobshanks, of a tube rigidly secured to one knob-shank and loosely connected with the other shank, a device, substantially as described, located within said tube and provided with a cam, and a bolt operated by said cam and adapted to engage a stationary object secured to the door, whereby the outer knob can be locked against movement, substantially as set forth.

20. The combination, with a latch having an operating lever, the knobs and knob- Shanks, of a tube connecting the Shanks, a shaft located within the tube, a bolt operated by said Shaft for locking the outer knob against longitudinal movement, and tumblers operated by a key for locking the shaft against rotary movement, substantially as set forth.

21. The combination, with a latch having an operating-lever, and the knobs having separate Shanks, of the shaft, the nut secured on one end thereof7 the tumbler-carrierconnected to the opposite end of said shaft, tumblers for locking said shaft against movement, and a key for operating the tumblers, substantially as set forth.

22. A latch-casing made of two elongated separable sections, each Section being semicircular in cross-section, and each provided with registering semi-cylindrical depressions, forming bearings for the latch and operatinglever trunnions, substantially as setforth.

23. The combination, with a tumbler-carrier and tumblers and the shaft, of a. washer located in a slot in the periphery of t-he carrier, and springs bearing against said washer and tumblers, substantially as set forth.

24. rlhe combination, with a pivoted bolt and a lever, of a lever connecting the lever and bolt, and a yielding fulcrum for said connecting-lever, substantially as set forth.

25. The combination, with a latch having an operating-lever, knobs, and knob-Shanks, of a tube eonnecti ng the shanks,a shaft located within the tube, a bolt operated by said shaft for locking the outer knob, tumblers for locking the shaft, and the guard N3, substantially as set forth.

26. rlhe combination, with a latch having au operating lever, the knobs and knobshanks, of a tube connecting the shanks, a shaft located within the tube, a bolt operated by said shaft for locking the outer knob against longitudinal movement, tumblers operated by a key, and a coupling, O, having slots a5, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE. H. VAN VINKLE.

\Vitnesses:

A. S. VAN WINKLE, F. B. ALLEY.

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